Gene therapy involves the introduction of carriers called “vectors” to deliver the genes to the site (tissues) that need repair. Investigations are still on through clinical trials, to establish the safety and effectiveness of various kinds of vectors that can treat different diseases like cancer, diabetes, inherited disorders, and other diseases.

The most commonly used vector for gene therapy is the adenovirus vector. These vectors are very good at delivering the normal genes, but, they do not easily target the desired tissue. Other than this, the body’s immune system may show an unwanted immune response to the vectors. There are also few instances where the vectors which incorporate the genetic material into a chromosome, have caused errors that have led to cancer.