Genetic disorders occur when a mutation affects your genes. Genetic testing involves examining your DNA, the chemical database that carries instructions for your body’s functions.

Genetic disorders are diagnosed with the help of laboratory tests, including genetic tests: Molecular, chromosomal, and biochemical genetic or genomic testing.

Several genetic tests are available, the type of test used depends on the type of abnormality that is being measured. Major types of genetic testing that are available are—cytogenetic, biochemical, and molecular testing.